Former US Vice-President Dick Cheney, a key architect of George W Bush's war on terror and an early advocate of the invasion of Iraq in 2003, has died at the age of 84.
He died from complications of pneumonia and cardiac and vascular disease on Monday night, his family said.
Cheney served as Gerald Ford's White House chief of staff in the 1970s, before later becoming one of the most powerful US vice presidents in history under Bush.
In his later years, he became a bitter critic of the Republican party under the leadership of Donald Trump.
Dick Cheney was a great and good man who taught his children and grandchildren to love our country, and to live lives of courage, honour, love, kindness, and fly fishing, his family said in a statement.
Cheney was born in Lincoln, Nebraska in 1941 and later attended the prestigious Yale University on a scholarship but failed to graduate. He went on to gain a Master's degree in political science from the University of Wyoming.
His first taste of Washington came in 1968, when he worked for William Steiger, a young Republican representative from Wisconsin. Cheney became chief of staff under Ford when he was just 34, before spending a decade in the House of Representatives.
As secretary of defence under George Bush Sr, he presided over the Pentagon during the 1990-91 Gulf War, in which a US-led coalition evicted Iraqi troops from Kuwait.
He then became VP to George W Bush in 2001 and played a greater role in making major policy decisions than most of his predecessors.
It is for this role that he will be remembered best and most controversially. During the younger Bush's administration, he turned his role as vice-president into a de-facto deputy presidency, overseeing American foreign policy and national security in the wake of the 11 September attacks.
Cheney was a leading advocate of US military action in both Afghanistan and Iraq. In the lead-up to the invasion of Iraq, Cheney asserted that Saddam Hussein's regime possessed weapons of mass destruction, claims that were never substantiated during the military campaign.
Despite his Republican roots, Cheney later became an outspoken critic of Trump, supporting his daughter Liz in her opposition to the former president. He expressed alarm over Russia's interference in the 2016 election and Trump's approach to NATO, culminating in his decision to vote for Democrat Kamala Harris in the lead-up to the 2020 election.
His legacy remains a complex tapestry of decisive leadership and profound controversy that continues to shape American politics.
