Netherlands Unveils Database of 425,000 Suspected Nazi Collaborators

The Dutch National Archives has made available online the names of 425,000 individuals suspected of Nazi collaboration during WWII, raising questions about historical accountability and the impact on relatives of both collaborators and victims. While some see this as a necessary step towards transparency, concerns about privacy and the potential for social backlash have been voiced.

The Dutch National Archives has published online the names of approximately 425,000 individuals suspected of collaborating with the Nazis during the country’s occupation from 1940 to 1945. This significant digital archive is a product of the investigations conducted through a specialized legal system established towards the war's conclusion. Of those listed, over 150,000 individuals faced forms of punishment.

Previously, accessing these records required a visit to the Dutch National Archives in The Hague, presenting challenges for those researching the complex legacy of Nazi collaboration in the Netherlands. The Huygens Institute, which played a role in digitizing the archive, noted that this initiative eliminates significant barriers for researchers, saying, “This archive contains important stories for both present and future generations,” addressing the needs of both historians and families seeking information about their pasts.

The archives include files concerning war criminals, individuals who enlisted in the German military, and suspected members of the National Socialist Movement (NSB), as well as names of those exonerated. However, the online database does not clarify whether individuals were found guilty or the nature of their suspected collaboration. It provides information on how to access further details in-person at the National Archives, where requests necessitate demonstrating a legitimate interest.

Concerns about the potential implications of making such sensitive information widely available have emerged. Rinke Smedinga, whose father was an NSB member involved in deportations, expressed worries about possible negative reactions from the public. Tom De Smet, director of the National Archives, acknowledged the complexities surrounding the shared trauma of collaboration, emphasizing the need for open discussions to break the existing taboos.

Culture Minister Eppo Bruins highlighted the importance of transparency in archives for reconciling with difficult historical realities, while also indicating that the information released online would be circumscribed by privacy regulations. Though current laws restrict the disclosure of certain details, Bruins has suggested revising them to expand public access. Notably, the online database ensures that names of individuals who may still be alive are not included.