Poland’s Political Shift: Challenges of Reversing Populist Policies

Fri Jul 11 2025 02:39:33 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)
Poland’s Political Shift: Challenges of Reversing Populist Policies

A look into Poland’s struggle to dismantle the hard-right policies implemented by the previous government, reflecting on the long-term effects of populist governance.


Following the end of the Law and Justice party's rule in Poland, the newly elected liberal government is engaged in a complex and time-consuming process of undoing conservative policies. This analysis delves into the implications of such political transitions and the persistent challenges that arise.

In a significant political transition, Poland’s new leaders are grappling with the legacy of the Law and Justice party, which ruled with a populist agenda from 2015 until recently. Promising sweeping reform, the previous administration under Jaroslaw Kaczynski implemented measures that deeply affected Poland's legal framework, including severe restrictions on abortion and the politicization of the judiciary.

More than a year after the electoral defeat of the hard-right party, the liberal government is encountering the daunting task of dismantling what has been termed the “new state apparatus” created during Kaczynski's tenure. This restructuring process is proving to be more lengthy and complex than anticipated, as stated by Adam Bodnar, Poland's justice minister, who highlighted that reversing the adverse effects of populism leads to significant delays.

The challenges go beyond legal frameworks; they also manifest in strained relations with the European Union and a media landscape altered by state propaganda. The conservative shifts have had long-term repercussions, as pointed out by Bodnar, who draws parallels with Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orban. This comparison illustrates the obstacles future governments might face in their attempts to restore liberal policies.

The liberal leaders are committed to re-establishing judicial independence and mitigating the societal divide that has emerged under the previous regime. However, they recognize the arduous journey ahead, marked by political resistance and institutional inertia, showcasing a broader trend in global politics where torn agendas create lasting complexities for incoming administrations.

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