In brief
The U.S. will mint its final penny after more than 230 years of production. As pennies become scarce in circulation, businesses are adjusting their pricing strategies, with potential annual consumer costs of around $6 million. This decision comes amid rising production costs and the increase in electronic transactions. Countries like Canada and Australia have undertaken similar moves, raising questions about the future of other low-value coins like the nickel.
The US is set to make its final penny.
The Philadelphia Mint will strike its last batch of one-cent coins on Thursday, after more than 230 years of production.
The coins will remain in circulation but the phase-out has already prompted businesses to start adjusting prices, as they say pennies are becoming harder to find.
The government says the move will save money, or as President Donald Trump put it in February when he first announced the plans: Rip the waste out of our great nation's budget, even if it's a penny at a time.
Pennies, which honour Civil War president Abraham Lincoln and are made of copper-plated zinc, today cost nearly four cents each to make — more than twice the cost of a decade ago, according to the Treasury Department. It estimates the decision to end production will save about $56m a year.
Officials have argued that the rise of electronic transactions is making the penny, which first went into production in 1793, increasingly moot.
The Treasury Department estimates that about 300 billion of the coins will remain in circulation, far exceeding the amount needed for commerce.
Many pennies end up falling out of use. About 60% of all coins in circulation in the US - or about $60-$90 for the typical household - sits stashed at home in piggy banks, deemed not worth trading in, according to a 2022 government analysis.
But penny-pinchers beware: as businesses start rounding up prices, the move is expected to raise costs for shoppers. One study by researchers at the Richmond Federal Reserve estimated that could cost consumers $6m annually.
Other countries have also phased out their lowest value coins. Canada, for example, made its last batch of one-cent coins in 2012.
In the US attention has now turned to the nickel, which has a face value of five cents but costs nearly 14 cents to produce. Retiring that coin would have a far bigger impact on shoppers, costing consumers some $55m per year, according to the Richmond Fed study.
