Israel has taken a controversial decision to recognise the breakaway state of Somaliland as an independent nation, sparking condemnation from many other countries.
China is the latest to condemn the decision, with its foreign ministry spokesperson Lin Jian stating: No country should encourage or support other countries' internal separatist forces for its own selfish interests. This statement was made ahead of an emergency UN Security Council session to discuss Israel's recognition.
On Friday, Israel became the first country globally to acknowledge Somaliland as a standalone republic, more than 30 years after the region declared independence from Somalia. Somaliland's president described the recognition as a historic moment, while Somalia responded with anger, asserting that the move constitutes an attack on its sovereignty.
Numerous other nations and organizations, such as Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and the African Union, have also condemned Israel's declaration.
Why does Somaliland want independence?
Somaliland declared independence in 1991 following the overthrow of Somali military dictator Siad Barre—a period marked by violence and conflict. Although not internationally recognized, Somaliland operates a functioning government and has established peace compared to the instability seen in Somalia.
Supporters of Somaliland's independence often highlight ethnic differences, mainly the predominance of the Isaaq clan, which differs from other Somali groups. They argue that Somaliland's relative stability offers a compelling case for its independence from a Somalia still challenged by conflict and terrorism.
Why did Israel recognize Somaliland?
In a conversation with Somaliland President Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu articulated that Israel acknowledges Somaliland's right to self-determination, emphasizing the potential for strengthening bilateral ties. Analysts, however, suggest the move may have broader strategic implications for Israel, including a desire for stronger regional alliances amid tensions with Iran and the Houthi rebels.
Widespread condemnation of Israel's decision
Israel's recognition has encountered criticism from a myriad of countries including Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and numerous African nations, who cite the need to respect Somalia's territorial integrity. The African Union fears Israel's move could inspire separatist movements across Africa.
Support for Israel's declaration?
Countries supporting Somaliland have remained largely silent. The UAE, with vested interests in Somaliland, has not publicly commented. Ethiopia, which recently engaged with Somaliland over access to its coastline, also appears cautious in its approach following Israel’s unilateral recognition.
