US Vice-President JD Vance and Secretary of State Marco Rubio have criticized a move by Israel's parliament towards annexation of the occupied West Bank.

On Wednesday, far-right politicians in the Knesset took the symbolic step of giving preliminary approval to a bill applying Israeli law in the territory, which the Palestinians claim as part of a hoped-for independent state.

At the end of a trip to Israel, Vance branded it a 'very stupid political stunt'. Rubio warned before flying to Israel that annexation would threaten President Donald Trump's plan to end the conflict in Gaza.

Israel's prime minister called the move a 'deliberate political provocation by the opposition to sow discord'.

A statement from Benjamin Netanyahu's office stressed that his right-wing Likud party and its ultra-Orthodox coalition partners did not vote for the bill, 'except for one disgruntled Likud member who was recently fired from the chairmanship of a Knesset committee'.

'Without Likud support these bills are unlikely to go anywhere,' it added.

The prime minister's office put out the statement in English after Vance was asked about the vote by reporters before he boarded his plane at Tel Aviv's Ben Gurion airport.

'If it was a political stunt, it was a very stupid political stunt and I personally take some insult,' he said. 'The West Bank is not going to be annexed by Israel. The policy of the Trump administration is that the West Bank will not be annexed by Israel.'

'That will continue to be our policy. If people want to take symbolic votes, they can do that. But we certainly weren't happy about it.'

Time magazine also published an interview with President Trump in which he insisted that annexation would not happen 'because I gave my word to the Arab countries.'

'Israel would lose all of its support from the United States if that happened,' he added.

Israel has built about 160 settlements housing 700,000 Jews since it occupied the West Bank and East Jerusalem during the 1967 Middle East war. An estimated 3.3 million Palestinians live alongside them.

The settlements are illegal under international law - a position supported by an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice last year.

Prime Minister Netanyahu has previously spoken in support of annexing West Bank land but has not advanced this due to the risk of alienating the US - Israel's most important ally - and Arab countries which have built relations with Israel after decades of enmity.

Ultra-nationalists in Netanyahu's governing coalition have repeatedly called for Israel to annex the West Bank outright, though the bill was put forward by MPs outside the government.

The bill passed in a 25-24 vote. It is unclear whether it has support to win a majority in the 120-seat Knesset (parliament), and there are ways the prime minister can delay or defeat it.

The bill will now be discussed by the Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defence Committee and would have to pass three more readings to become law.

The Palestinian foreign ministry condemned the Knesset's move, saying Israel would have no sovereignty over Palestinian land.